EGFR-tyrosine kinase mutations in non-small cell lung cancer-based responsiveness to anti-cancer therapy

Lung cancer based on physiological appearance and areas of the tissues affected are classified as small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Different types of tumours arise due to varied genetic mutations involved in tumour progression which is specific for cancer subtypes. Non-small cell lung cancer exhibits mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor. Hence, tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used to suppress tumour progression. Due to variation in mutation, responsiveness to drug therapy efficacy is different in different individuals and hence leads to poor prognosis of cancer. This review aims to summarize the EGFR mutations involved in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer and tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs approved for the treatment.