A Review: TILLING Technique Strategy for Cereal Crop Development

Increase in global warming, changing the rainfall pattern, spread of disease, and sedates the production of crops varieties adapted to new habitats has turned out hunger situation in certain developing countries. Gene-editing technologies such as Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcriptional Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems ensure the rescue. But they have limitations including cytotoxicity, undesired mutations, and chromosomal aberrations, creating problems in the procedure at lab to the ground soil. These are required for the modernization of novel approaches for crop improvement against abiotic and biotic stresses. One that non-transgenic approach, called Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) is used for increasing sequence data and merges it with classical and advanced methods. Moreover, TILLING produces high-rate genome-wide variations with no off-target effects, and high output. Hence, the TILLING approach is useful for scientist involved in crop improvement especially cereal crops like rice and wheat around the world.